Providing and using (open) biodiversity data through the infrastructure of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF): lessons and achievements of the first 10 years Cees H.J. Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) The Dutch branch of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) "Biological diversity" means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems…. What is biodiversity? Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Biodiversity data are…. Natural history collections Living collections Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Biodiversity data are…. Citizen science data Systematic monitoring + research data Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Biodiversity data for: Taxonomy Biomimicry studies Education and public outreach Border control and wildlife trade Forensics Health and public safety Agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining Natural resource management Conservation planning Ecology, evolution and genetics Impact of climate change Endangered, migratory and invasive species Life histories and phenologies Species diversity and populations Biogeographic studies Fundamental research Applied researchEcotourism Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Biodiversity data for: Taxonomy Biomimicry studies Education and public outreach Border control and wildlife trade Forensics Health and public safety Agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining Natural resource management Conservation planning Ecology, evolution and genetics Impact of climate change Endangered, migratory and invasive species Life histories and phenologies Species diversity and populations Biogeographic studies Fundamental research Applied researchEcotourism Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 The mission of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is to facilitate free and open access to biodiversity data worldwide via the Internet to underpin sustainable development. Megascience Forum Working Group on Biological Informatics 1999 The purpose of GBIF is to co-ordinate the standardisation, digitisation and global dissemination (within an appropriate property rights framework) of the world's biodiversity data. Ministers acknowledged the importance of such a facility in the areas of health, resource management, environmental protection, agriculture and education. 2001 GBIF established and secretariat settled in Copenhagen History of GBIF Founded by OCW, NWO and UvA2002NLBIF 2012 Currently structurally financed by OCW, hosted by UvA Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 The mission of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is to facilitate free and open access to biodiversity data worldwide via the Internet to underpin sustainable development. Mobilising biodiversity data, developing protocols and standards to ensure scientific integrity and interoperability, building an informatics architecture to allow the interlinking of diverse data types from disparate sources Distributed network, both technical and organisational Focus on species occurrence data and metadata, but expanding to new data types Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 GBIF country participants Data published through GBIF.org Trend in primary biodiversity records (millions) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Data by gbif participant 1. United States 212,958, 707 6. Netherlands 27,503,8 81 2. Sweden 52,601,060 7. Finland 20,157,0 55 3. United Kingdom 49,616,6 34 8. Germany 19,221,7 58 4. Australia 40,373,693 9. Norway 19,140,6 00 5. France 39,619,893 10. Spain 10,667,8 45 Total number of records published—Top 10 Participant Countries (as of 30 September 2015) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 The primary GBIF data: What is a record in GBIF? GBIF hosts so called “occurrence data” Which species of plant / animal / micro-organism was observed / collected from which locality and when? Taxonomic information Geographic information 01 May 1971 00:00:00 Temporal information Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 http://www.gbif.org/occurrence Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 http://www.gbif.org/species Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Search for: Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Find…. Filter …. & Download Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Central data portal Central data index Distributed data publishers Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 API’s The GBIF infrastructure The two success formulas driving GBIF: The datastandard for biological data: Darwin Core (DwC) Body of data standards which function as an extension of Dublin Core for biodiversity informatics 9 categories, about 180 terms Additional info in data extensions, data zipped in “Archives” The Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) An easy to deploy toolkit to “publish” your primary biodiversity data and your metadata Free and open source, based on the efforts of a community Provided with standard CC licencing options + using DOI’s Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 The GBIF data model (DarwinCore-Archives) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Handles multiple datasets Feed spreadsheets, CSV files or connect to your institutes database For primary data + metadata The GBIF Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Using Creative Commons Using DOI’s World wide: In NL: NIOZ, IBED (UvA), Alterra (WUR), CGN (WUR), Naturalis, NLBIF Sovon, RAVON, Floron Installations of the Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Use of GBIF data in research…. Annual number of peer-reviewed publications using GBIF-mediated data 52 89 148 169 229 249 357 293 Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 GBIF data download requests, by country 1. Mexico 13,589 6. Colombia 3,20 2 2. United States 9,165 7. United Kingdom 2,92 0 3. China 5,294 8. South Africa 2,17 0 4. Brazil 5,109 9. Australia 1,950 5. Spain 3,785 10. Ecuador 1,824 Total of 73,719 requests from 6,833 users in 140 countries, islands and territories 1 Jan 2015 – 30 September 2015 Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 (Billion records per day!) Use of the GBIF infrastructure at the national level…. WUR E-depot Paper Dataset Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Use of the GBIF infrastructure at the national level: feeding metadata to NARCIS Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Use of the GBIF infrastructure at the national level: providing “GBIF views” on EASY data Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 GBIF lessons… Start simple Distributed data systems, distributed applications (strong, cheap, resilient, …..) Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015 Agile developments, continuing interaction with users Thematic interaction with research community http://www.gbif.org http://www.nlbif.nl THANK YOU! Cees Hof Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility (NLBIF) Connecting data for research 2015